Perceptual disorders
| Agnosia |
| Agnosia is loss of the ability to discriminate one sensation from another. People with agnosia may have difficulty recognizing the geometric features of an object or face or may be able to perceive the geometric features but not know what the object is used for or whether a face is familiar or not. Agnosia can be limited to one sensory modality such as vision or hearing. Agnosia can result from strokes, dementia, or other neurological disorders. It typically results from damage to specific brain areas in the occipital or parietal lobes of the brain. |
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| Hallucinations |
| Hallucinations are sensations that are not real. Any of the senses can be involved. A person may see, hear, taste, smell, or feel something that is not there. Hallucinations can be frightening for the person experiencing them and for those near them. A hallucination occurs when environmental, emotional, or physical factors such as stress, medication, extreme fatigue, or mental illness cause the mechanism within the brain that helps to distinguish conscious perceptions from internal, memory-based perceptions to misfire. Hallucinations that are symptomatic of a mental illness such as schizophrenia should be treated by a psychologist or psychiatrist. |
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